27 Amendment Meaning

 Purpose: The modification forbids any legislation that alters the salary for members of Congress from becoming effective until after the subsequent election of Representatives has taken place. This seeks to avert Congress from awarding itself immediate salary increases without responsibility to voters. Historical Context: Initially suggested by James Madison in 1789 as part of a collection of twelve amendments, it was not ratified at that time. Only ten of the amendments were confirmed in 1791, becoming recognized as the Bill of Rights.

5 Amendment Meaning

 Grand Jury Indictment: It requires that no person shall be held to answer for a capital or infamous crime unless on a presentment or indictment of a grand jury, except in military cases during wartime.

Double Jeopardy: It prohibits an individual from being tried twice for the same offense, ensuring that once acquitted or convicted, a person cannot face prosecution again for that same crime.

Self-Incrimination: It protects individuals from being compelled to testify against themselves in criminal cases, allowing them to refuse to answer questions that may incriminate them.

Due Process: It guarantees that no one can be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law, ensuring fair treatment through the judicial system.

Takings Clause: It states that private property cannot be taken for public use without just compensation, protecting property rights against government seizure.